Unlike the North and the North Central Coast, in the South Central Coast, the type of old stone relic has not been found, but only new stone relics have been discovered after Hoa Binh and Bac Son culture, but also very little. So far, only one relic of this period has been discovered and excavated in the coastal area of ​​Quang Nam province. Binh Dinh is also a province located in the South Central region, but there are no relics of the early Neolithic period, but only relics in the late Neolithic period and artifacts with special characteristics have been discovered. Characteristic of this period is a few axes discovered randomly in Hoai Nhon and Van Canh areas, this finding has not been validated and researched. Therefore, it can be said that the prehistoric and prehistoric culture of Binh Dinh only existed from the early to late stages in the metal period. Representing the culture in this period is "Sa Huynh Culture".

From the beginning of AD to the 17th century, on the strip of land in Central Vietnam, an Ancient State was formed, that is the State of Champa. The state of Champa was built on a foundation inherited from the previous Sa Huynh cultural achievements, and at the same time absorbed the influence of Indian and Chinese culture and many elements of other cultures in the region. During the 16 centuries, the Cham people, starting in 192 and ending its historical role, have left behind a unique and unique culture, contributing to enriching the cultural treasures of humanity and the community Vietnamese ethnic groups later.

Binh Dinh is located in the center of the central strip of land with nearly 5 centuries holding the central role of the country, despite many ups and downs, but the Champa culture here still developed until this land lost its role at its center, cultural vestiges are left behind extremely rich, diverse in type, abundant in quantity and become an important object that cannot be ignored for those who study Champa culture in general and Vijaya stage in particular.

From 1471, King Le Thanh Tong established Hoai Nhon government - the territory only goes to Cu Mong pass: "Phu Hoai Nhon has moved to Quang Nam, but from Cu Mong mountain to the south, still Man people, Lao people live, not yet there's time to come."

After returning to the capital Thang Long, in the 7th month of the second year of Hong Duc (1471), King Le Thanh Tong took the newly occupied Champa land, occupied Quang Nam Thua Tuyen and Ve Thang Hoa, national affairs in Quang Nam Thua Tuyen.

From there, villages were also formed. At the beginning, 3 districts of Hoai Nhon government had 33 communes: Bong Son: 7 communes, Phu Ly: 8 communes, Tuy Vien: 18 communes.

In 1490 (less than 20 years later), according to Thien Nam Du Ha Tap, under Hong Duc, Hoai Nhon government had 19 cantons and more than 100 communes: Bong Son district had 7 cantons, 32 communes; Phu Ly district has 6 cantons, 60 communes; Tuy Vien district has 6 total...

In August of the Year of the Horse (1498), the Le dynasty set up the offices of the three guards Thang Hoa, Tu Nghia and Hoai Nhon in the Quang Nam city.

After a century of land opening, the Vietnamese entered and established villages in the lands of Hoai Nhon government, now Binh Dinh province.

The Nguyen lords appeared in the history of Vietnam at first associated with the land of Thuan Hoa, then Quang Nam and then developed to establish the land of Dang Trong.

In November of the Year of the Horse (1558), Nguyen Hoang was sent by King Le to take over Thuan Hoa town. In 1570, King Le summoned the general of Quang Nam, Nguyen Ba Quynh, to defend Nghe An. Lord Nguyen Hoang was allowed to concurrently receive two lands Thuan Hoa and Quang Nam. The land of Quang Nam at the time of Nguyen Hoang's rule had 3 palaces and 9 districts; Thang Hoa government has 3 districts: Le Giang, Ha Dong and Hy Giang. Phu Tu Nghia has 3 districts: Binh Son, Mo Hoa, Nghia Giang. Phu Hoai Nhon has 3 districts: Bong Son, Phu Ly and Tuy Vien. Lord Nguyen Hoang wears the seal of the Governor General, sets the military title as Hung Nghia palace.

To understand more about the situation of Hoai Nhon government, in 1602, Lord Nguyen Hoang invited to examine Hoai Nhon's court, Tran Duc Hoa (then called Duke Cong, son of Duong Dam Marquis Tran Ngoc Phan - Deputy Prime Minister of Quang Nam Palace) to come to meet. Tran Duc Hoa was treated very well by the Lord, after that, the Lord returned to Thuan Hoa.

In 1602, Lord Nguyen Hoang changed Hoai Nhon government to Quy Nhon.

In 1651, under Lord Nguyen Phuc Tan, the Lord changed Quy Nhon government to Quy Ninh. In 1742, Lord Nguyen Phuc Khoat restored the old name Quy Nhon and was still called during the Tay Son period.

Dang Trong in the 17th century was a victim of the fierce outbreak of the Trinh - Nguyen war. In order to survive in a counterbalance with Tonkin, the Nguyen lords in Dang Trong had to make every effort to expand and develop their territory and economy. With the end of the war (1672), Dang Trong asserted itself through decades of growth, maturity and challenges. The Nguyen lords won when they stopped the Trinh army with overwhelming strength from the north of the Gianh River, captured the Mien and the Chinese to open the land to the south and bring the people to live and do business in Dong Nai and Gia Dinh areas. But the Nguyen lords were also preparing to face a new danger arising in the heart of Dang Trong society, which was the uprisings of the peasants - who were victims of the feudal system. They were immigrants to Thuan-Quang to do business, so they agreed with the Nguyen lords, beat Trinh to protect their homeland, the fruits of their labor and their lives. After the war, the Nguyen lords continued to increase the intensity of exploitation through tax and service policies to build the palace and feed the ruling apparatus; a part of officials became corrupt, extravagant, society with many conflicts arose. Quy Nhon is one of the places that suffers from the heaviest oppression and exploitation. Farmers, merchants, and ethnic minorities were extremely indignant. In 1695, a merchant in Quy Nhon, Quang Phu, cooperated with a merchant in Quang Ngai government, Linh Vuong, to buy troops and weapons to rebel against the Nguyen Lords. In the 18th century, Lia's uprising in Quy Nhon government showed a fierce struggle of farmers against landlords and oppressive powers. It was the prelude to the epic epic of the Tay Son peasant leaders when Nguyen Nhac gathered in the Tay Son land with righteous people, resisting oppression, and raised the uprising (1771) shook the fortune of Lord Nguyen in Dang Trong.

Nguyen Nhac was more successful than Lia and other farmer leaders in Dang Trong when choosing a base in the safe, secret, and stable Tay Son upland region, which was responded by many classes of people. Poor and rich farmers, merchants, and ethnic minorities... tried their best to support. Nguyen Nhac has the art of winning people's hearts, being kind to the poor, so he brought the uprising to a meaningful victory in the early days of the Tay Son movement.

In the fall of 1773, the Tay Son insurgent army expanded its base to the Tay Son area, taking the Kien Thanh hamlet, where the Tay Son leaders were born, as their headquarters. That year, Nguyen Nhac decided to let the insurgents invade Quy Nhon citadel, now in Chau Thanh, Nhon Thanh commune, An Nhon district. Thanks to the strategy of Giao Hien, the adventure of Nguyen Nhac, the consensus of the generals and the insurgents, Nguyen Nhac allowed the insurgents to invade Quy Nhon citadel. The government of Nguyen Khac Tuyen fled the citadel. Nguyen Nhac ordered the insurgents to capture Can Duong and Dam Thuy warehouses. Quy Nhon Palace was completely under the control of Tay Son insurgent army.

The Tay Son army chose the color red as the flag of righteousness, took the poor people as a fighting force and a service goal, and took social justice as its motto. The object of the struggle was the landowners, the mandarins exploiting and oppressing the people. Wherever the Tay Son army went, the heroes followed, the people eagerly responded, and the prestige increased day by day.

Binh Dinh is the hometown of the Tay Son leaders, the base of the uprising, the place where the movement started, then matured and developed throughout the country, the capital of Emperor Thai Duc and the evil battlefield long-term paralysis between the Tay Son army in the Canh Thinh dynasty and Nguyen Anh's army.

For 32 years (1771-1802), the people of Binh Dinh followed Tay Son: as a leader, a high-ranking general, an official, a soldier and all classes of people, they devoted themselves to the heroic history of the Tay Son dynasty. The wisdom, talent, human strength, and strength of the people of Binh Dinh that have contributed to the Tay Son cause are boundless, history books cannot be recorded and no one has had the conditions to transcribe and summarize. So this effort is just the beginning of a great, long, difficult and meaningful job mentioned above.

In the beginning of the uprising, the contribution of the people of Quy Nhon government was extremely important, having decisive meaning in the victory of the Tay Son movement at the most difficult stage, the turning point that brought the Tay Son movement to life. the whole of Dang Trong.

Later, the Tay Son movement spread to the whole country along with genius Nguyen Hue, the elite sons of Quy Nhon government also made an important contribution to the feats of defeating the Nguyen, fighting Siam in Gia Dinh, and destroying the Trinh. overthrew the Le Dynasty at Phu Xuan-Thang Long, wiping out 29,000 Qing invaders in the Spring of the Rooster (1789).

Under the Nguyen Dynasty, Binh Dinh was a major town south of the Citadel. That is reflected in administrative organization and governance; mandarin regime and defense in the mountains and seas; organize education, literature and martial arts exams for the whole region of the provinces from Quang Ngai back to Binh Thuan.

As the land of the Nguyen Dynasty's counterbalance, the Nguyen kings had a very strict and strict ruling policy in Binh Dinh to prevent the people's uprisings. But it also failed to crush the will and fighting spirit of the oppressed classes of people in society: descendants of the Tay Son dynasty, farmers, ethnic minorities, minor officials...

In 1799, after occupying Quy Nhon citadel, Nguyen Anh changed it to Binh Dinh, then built Binh Dinh palace (1802). In 1819, the name of Tay Son hamlet - the place where the Tay Son uprising started was - was changed to An Tay hamlet.

Under the Nguyen Dynasty, the social situation in Binh Dinh always showed contradictions and struggles. Many uprisings broke out, especially when it was discovered that the descendants of the Tay Son Dynasty, the Gia Long and Minh Mang kings had used cruel punishments. Binh Dinh was always the preoccupation of Hue court.

Binh Dinh was the "key for pacification" of the Nguyen Dynasty for the Tay Son Dynasty, but the Nguyen Dynasty also had to acknowledge the objectivity of a land with a political, economic, social, cultural and educational position for the central provinces at that time, the kings Gia Long and Minh Mang on the one hand tried to suppress, but on the other hand, they demagoguely demonstrated in the edicts, issued to the mandarins and the people. Establish Quy Nhon government, Binh Dinh palace in Gia Long period, organize to re-establish the address book under Minh Mang period with the intention of piloting for the whole country. The Nguyen Dynasty also organized a school of poetry and opened a martial arts school in Binh Dinh to select talents for the country.

Under the Nguyen dynasty, Quy Nhon city was also formed and became the economic center of Binh Dinh province in the 19th century; is a development trend during the French colonial period, having great effects in the twentieth century.

Joining in the preparation for the fight against foreign invaders of the whole country, the people of Binh Dinh enthusiastically followed the orders of the Hue court to strengthen and reorganize the local military force. Healthy young men and women, even Catholics, were recruited, and the elderly and weak were discharged from the army. Stations, departments, governments, and districts were supplied by the court, providing more weapons and food. The forts, guards and provinces were mobilized more forces and increased military training. Nghia Dinh painting room was urgently consolidated and became a place to gather troops, food and ammunition from the locality. The court also sent capable mandarins to Binh Dinh to lead the fight here.

In addition, in the coastal area of ​​Binh Dinh, the imperial army also divided and kept dangerous places. The seaports of Tam Quan, An Du (in Hoai Nhon district), Ha Ra (Phu My), De Gi (Phu Cat)... are reinforced with garrison troops and marine teams... in order to stop the French army hits from the sea. In Binh Dinh, there were troops of military commander Tang Doan Van, from An Thuong village, An Thanh commune, Hoai An district, who joined the forces of Tran Xuan Soan stationed in Tonkin, was appointed by Ton That Thuyet to hold the post of governor The commanding unit of the army was stationed at the An Du post. In Tang Doan Van's army, there were many patriotic writers and masters such as Doi Dung (from Phu My), Le Thuc (from Hoai An), Le Dat (from Hoai Nhon)...

Within 3 years (1883-1885), Binh Dinh had mobilized a powerful rebel army. In addition to the mountain guard troops, the garrison guarding the seaports, the pro-military forces defending the province, there were also the people's resistance forces, that was the army of the incense and the brave people. Until the Can Vuong movement broke out, the forces participating in the anti-French resistance war in Binh Dinh were quite large, with tens of thousands of people holding weapons to respond to King Ham Nghi's call to fight against the French.

Mai Xuan Thuong chose Loc Dong mountain area (west of Phu Phong, now in Phu Hiep village, Phu Phong town, Tay Son district) as a resistance base. He spread propaganda everywhere, mobilizing people from all walks of life to gather in Loc Dong to take care of the great cause of "Can Vuong". Responding to the call, rich people volunteered to contribute food to spend in the army, young men invited each other to move to Loc Dong to join the army more and more. Martial generals and writers like Mr. Bui Dien (from Phu My), Nguyen Hoa, Tran Trung and Tran Nha (from Binh Khe), Nguyen Can, Nguyen Trong Tri and Dang Thanh Tich (from An Nhon) all came to help. The resistance forces worship Mai Xuan Thuong as Binh Tay Dai Nguyen Soai. From here, the resistance forces in Binh Dinh were unified into one, the strong movement entered a new phase with many brilliant victories.

With the growth of the Can Vuong movement in Binh Dinh (who owned most of Binh Dinh and extended its influence to the central and southern provinces of Central Vietnam), the Hue court had no choice but to ask the French colonialists to send reinforcements from Saigon to Binh Dinh to promote the suppression of the movement.

After suppressing the Can Vuong movement in Binh Dinh, the French colonialists and their henchmen re-consolidated the government in the provinces on the left side, carefully guarding against possible new uprisings.

In Binh Dinh, after fighting against the French until the end, the majority of the people - who supported and actively participated in the two uprisings above - were suppressed by the French colonialists and the Nguyen kings and mandarins, hole is very cruel. However, the people of Binh Dinh were still undaunted, discouraged, on the contrary, when Duy Tan Hoi was founded and promoted its influence throughout the three regions of the country, the people of Binh Dinh were still enthusiastically participating, and they are proud to contribute to the movement of an elite son of their homeland, the hero Tang Bat Ho (Tang Doan Van).

While the Dong Du movement that Tang Bat Ho contributed to founding was strongly kicking off, on August 27, 1907, Tang Bat Ho suddenly died. The unfinished career of saving the country and the people was continued by his comrades. The movement is growing and has a wide influence in public opinion. The French colonialists and the Hue court panicked in response. On the one hand, they terrorized and banned the Dong Du movement from operating, on the other hand, they compromised and gave Japan some trading rights in Indochina, with the condition that the Japanese government had to expel the Vietnamese patriots out of the Japanese land. So, at the end of 1908, the Dong Du movement disbanded.

Although the Dong Du movement and the Duy Tan movement differed in their mode of action, they also followed the same revolutionary path in the direction of bourgeois democracy. Therefore, the offensive target of the Duy Tan movement was also the corrupt feudal kings and mandarins, outdated and outdated feudal customs and moral ideas. In addition, in order to mobilize cultural and social reforms associated with the mobilization of patriotism, hatred of the enemy, and the struggle for the nation to escape from foreign domination, the movement actively initiated the bourgeois democracy with the following requirements: "Opening the people's mind, restoring the people's climate, promoting the people's livelihood", calling for a focus on practical work, establishing business associations, opening schools to teach and propagate a new life.

After a series of unsuccessful armed riots against the French at the end of the 19th century, when the wind of bourgeois democracy through the new letters and new literature from the outside flooded in at the beginning of the 20th century, the people of Binh Dinh were eager adopt a new mode of water saving activities. The person who sparked the patriotic movement in a new way to explode in Binh Dinh was Phan Chau Trinh and the founders of the Duy Tan movement, such as Huynh Thuc Khang, Tran Quy Cap...

On April 6, 1908, the people of Binh Dinh rebelled against taxes. The participation of Ho Si Tao has attracted many Binh Dinh people to respond and participate in large numbers, the prestige of the movement is increasing. Farmers in the provinces and districts were instructed by the general and local authorities, and the class automatically flocked to the province and became more and more crowded.

The Binh Dinh people's anti-tax protest in 1908 was drowned by the French colonialists in a sea of ​​blood. Many patriotic children of their homeland were either killed or exiled to Con Dao. However, the people of Binh Dinh never gave up. On the contrary, the fire of hatred is still smoldering in the hearts of every citizen of Binh Dinh, and only 8 years later, that flame of struggle has had the opportunity to flare up strongly.

In the years 1925-1927, a series of struggles of the people of Binh Dinh became more and more exciting.

The fierce struggles of the people of Binh Dinh made the French authorities and their henchmen panic.

In February 1928, with the help of the Vietnam Youth Revolutionary Comrade Committee in Saigon, represented by Phan Trong Quang, the first Vietnam Revolutionary Youth Union Party Committee in Binh Dinh was established at Mr. Ton Chat's house in Cuu Loi village (Tam Quan Nam, Hoai Nhon).

The birth of the Cuu Loi cell marked an important historical milestone in the Binh Dinh revolutionary movement, bringing the movement along the path of Marxism-Leninism. In order to be able to communicate smoothly with Quang Ngai Youth Organization, Cuu Loi branch chose Kim Thach company in Sa Huynh (Duc Pho, Quang Ngai), a trading firm run by a number of scribes and traders Hoai Nhon and Sa Huynh was founded in 1927, serving as a communication base in two regions.

From the first cell in Cuu Loi, by the end of 1928, there were new branches such as Youth cell An Do (Hoai Son), Tai Luong (Hoai Thanh), Dinh Thanh (Tam Quan). From these branches, the Youth base quickly developed into the villages of Dai Hoa, An Thai (Tam Quan), Thanh Son, An Son (Hoai Chau), Chau De, Chuong Hoa (North Hoai Chau), Tuong Son. (Hoai Son), Thanh Xuan (Hoai Huong), Bong Son and Thiet Dinh... By the end of 1928, the number of Hoai Nhon Youth's members reached nearly 40 people, and hundreds of active members of the masses were gathered in associations: Farmers, Women, Teenagers, Red Salvation.... In the middle of 1928, Vietnam Revolutionary Youth Union Comrade Hoai Nhon established an official contact with the Vietnamese Revolutionary Youth Union Comrade Trung Ky Association Quang Ngai and Provincial Party of Vietnam Revolutionary Youth Union Comrade. These changes have created the right conditions for the establishment of the Vietnam Youth Revolutionary Comrades Association to lead the movement together. In December 1928, Hoai Nhon district ministry was established and Nguyen Tran was elected as party secretary.

After the Vietnam Revolutionary Youth Organization promoted its activities in Hoai Nhon for a short time, the Tan Viet Revolutionary Party organization also began to expand its influence into Binh Dinh. In mid-1928, Ngo Duc De, former member of the Tan Viet Ha Tinh Provincial Party Committee, was sent by the Tan Viet Revolutionary Party Headquarters to Binh Dinh to build a Party base. Here, by the end of 1928, Ngo Duc De had built the first Tan Viet facilities at the Lamp factory, water transport company, Tran Sanh Thai garage, Quoc Hoc school (Quy Nhon) and some facilities were built at primary schools and offices in An Nhon, Phu My, Bong Son districts...

At the end of 1928, in order to create favorable conditions in building and directing the movement of the whole Central Central region, the Tu Dinh Inter-provincial Committee of the Tan Viet Revolutionary Party was established (including Quang Ngai, Binh Dinh, Phu Yen and Kon Tum) with Ngo Duc De as secretary.

In the two years 1928-1929, two organizations, Youth and Tan Viet, gathered a large number of patriotic people into the revolutionary front and mobilized the masses in some areas such as Tra Quang (My Quang, Phu My), Hao Thien, Cuu Loi, An Do (Hoai Nhon)…

Thus, until the end of 1928, in Binh Dinh, two predecessor organizations of the Party appeared: Vietnam Revolutionary Youth Union in Cuu Loi, Hoai Nhon (born in early 1928) and Tan Viet in Quy Nhon (1928). These two organizations have played an important role in leading the revolutionary patriotic movement in Binh Dinh to quickly change from a bourgeois trend to a progressive new trend - proletarianism, and gradually orientate itself to the state budget. communist ideals, creating a necessary premise for the people's struggle movement of Binh Dinh to continue developing like a storm under the leadership of the Communist Party of Vietnam in the future.

In October 1930, two Party organizations of Hoai Nhon district and Quy Nhon city officially contacted each other and agreed on action plans. The birth of Party organizations in Quy Nhon city and Hoai Nhon district not only marked a decisive historical turning point of the patriotic movement of Binh Dinh people, but also created favorable conditions for the struggle movement of the people of Binh Dinh. multiply the districts forward.

In general, during the years 1932-1935, the revolutionary movement in Binh Dinh faced many difficulties and losses, but with a great effort, the Party grassroots organizations and the mass struggle movement gradually was restored and made significant progress, began to enter a new era of struggle: for people's livelihood and democracy.

The movement for people's life and democracy in the period 1936-1939 in Binh Dinh, although it was obstructed and terrorized by the French colonialists, never gave up disheartening or retreating to the people of Binh Dinh, in contrast to the movement, more and more exciting and achieved many meaningful results. The growth and leadership of the movement are practical preparations for the people of Binh Dinh and the people of the whole country to enter a new era with new victories: the period of direct revolutionary struggle take power into the hands of the people.

On September 9, 1945, 30,000 Viet Minh delegates from the whole province and people of all genders, ethnicities, religions and people of Quy Nhon city, with more than 1,000 self-defense and self-defense forces, participated in the welcome meeting. victory of the provincial uprising at Quy Nhon stadium. Here, the new Provisional Revolutionary People's Committee of Binh Dinh province, named after Tang Bat Ho province, was established, chaired by Comrade Tran Quang Khanh.

Thus, after 15 years of resilient and tireless activities, the Party Committee and people of Binh Dinh created a great revolutionary storm, sweeping away the dominating government apparatus of the empire, fascism and feudalism. This victory ended the arduous but glorious struggle of the people of Binh Dinh, and at the same time opened a new era, the period of struggle for independence, freedom and socialism.

During its 60-year history (1885-1945), the Binh Dinh people's patriotic anti-French movement went through three stages with different colors, viewpoints, ideas, lines and political undertakings: Can Vuong flag against France of feudal class in late 19th century, patriotic movement with bourgeois democracy in early 20th century, culmination of national liberation following the path of proletarian revolution and Marxism-Leninism led by the Communist Party of Vietnam from 1930 to 1945. These were successive waves that pounded against the stronghold of the colonial-feudal regime, but the latter wave was much stronger than the previous wave.

Although patriotic struggle movements from the end of the nineteenth century to the early decades of the twentieth century were suppressed by the French colonialists and drowned in blood, the people of Binh Dinh still did not submit. Since the light of Marxism-Leninism and the Russian October Revolution, especially since the leadership of the Communist Party of Vietnam, the Party Committee of Binh Dinh, together with the people of the whole province, has continuously risen up fought bravely for 15 years. Experiencing challenges from the climax of 1930-1931, the period of force recovery from 1932 to 1935, to the democracy movement 1936-1939, then the climax of national salvation and national liberation from 1939-1945, finally the Party Committee and Binh Dinh people also fulfilled the goal of independence - freedom associated with socialism with the glorious victory in the August Revolution of 1945.

Nine years of long, arduous and heroic resistance ended in a glorious victory. The people of Binh Dinh, under the leadership of the Party Committee, experienced three periods of difficult, but extremely exciting and intense revolutionary struggle:

- Sixteen months (from August 8, 1945 to December 12, 1946) to build a new regime, live a new life, protect the revolutionary government and prepare for a long resistance war.

- Five years (1947-1952) to build and protect the free zone, to carry out the task of coordinating with the battlefields.

- The final stage of the war (1953-1954) carried out the Winter-Spring War, stepping up the resistance in all aspects to achieve complete victory.

Binh Dinh is a province with a strategic position in both economy and defense. There is a rich traffic system here: strategic road 19, Trans-Vietnam railway and National Highway 1, Quy Nhon port city and airport. The dangerous mountain positions have not only tactical and campaign value but also strategic value in the long-term resistance war against the French.

From the factors of "natural time, favorable terrain, human harmony", Binh Dinh battlefield is both favorable for the development of guerrilla warfare and for the concentrated combat of the main armies. And it is also because of the strategic location and characteristics of the area that the French colonialists considered Binh Dinh as a key target to attack and occupy our free zone.

The victory of the resistance war against the French colonialists in Binh Dinh was a combined victory of many constitutive factors, derived from the Party's correct and creative strategic line, motto and revolutionary method, combine the strength of the whole nation with the strength of the times in the people's war with Vietnamese character and identity.

Under the leadership of the Party Central Committee, the Inter-Committee of Zone V, nine years of resistance war full of sacrifices and hardships, the Party Committee and people of Binh Dinh have achieved proud results: That is, defeating the enemy encroachment of the enemy, maintaining Binh Dinh as a free province during the resistance war, building and developing socio-economically - culture into a province with great potential of Inter-region V during the war. Binh Dinh Party Committee and people have also mobilized a large amount of human and material resources both for the resistance war of the province and also for the rearguard duties for the entire battlefield of Inter-region V; At the same time, the Party Committee has built up a contingent of cadres and Party members who are resilient and worthy of the people's trust. The above achievements show that Binh Dinh has overcome many difficulties and hardships, both fighting and building to fulfill the task well as President Ho Chi Minh's call to save the country.

With the characteristic of being a province in a free zone, Binh Dinh Party Committee knew how to focus on building and developing the economy - culture - society, ensuring the people's life for the long-term resistance war, and at the same time knowing how to move forward synergy of human and material talents for the front line, fulfilling the rear duties of the inter-zone V and Central Highlands battlefields, and providing aid to Laos and Cambodia.

It can be said that the leadership role of the Party Committee during the resistance war was absolutely affirmed in the education, solidarity, organization, and promotion of the masses' strength in all aspects of military, politics and economy. It has been concretized by specific guidelines, policies, jobs of the province, creativity during the whole resistance war. Party committees at all levels regularly take care of building a strong Party Committee in terms of ideology, politics and organization, first of all, building a strong grassroots cell.

A valuable lesson to be learned from Party building work is that at any time and place, if the Party knows how to stick to the people, live in the hearts of the people, and be trusted, loved, cared for and protected by the people, then No matter how arduous, the revolution still won.

The resistance war against the French colonialists to invade and fully maintain the free zone of the Party Committee and people of Binh Dinh is a glorious historical page in the long-standing patriotic and revolutionary tradition of the people of Binh Dinh.

Experiencing a one-on-one battle, more than 20 years of resistance against the US, to save the country, long, fierce, arduous but very heroic and heroic sacrifices. Under the leadership of the Communist Party of Vietnam, directly the Binh Dinh Provincial Party Committee, the army and people of the province have united to promote the patriotic tradition of the nation, the land of "Dear Spirit, Human Martyr". martial arts, revolting, the hometown of the national hero Quang Trung - Nguyen Hue. That tradition continues to be multiplied and promoted in all the most difficult situations. The army and people in the province overcame all challenges, endured all kinds of hardships, and sacrificed themselves in order to successfully complete the tasks entrusted by the beloved Party and Uncle Ho, contributing to defeating cunning plots and tricks and bankrupted America's aggressive war strategies, ending the unique holy resistance in history. Opening a new era - the era of independence and freedom, unifying the Fatherland and moving towards socialism.

The resistance war against the US, in addition to the patriotic tradition of the people of Binh Dinh, also showed the application of the Party's line of people's revolutionary war to specific conditions at each time and in specific situations in each region, strategic locations, to overthrow each object of the revolution's enemies flexibly and creatively. At the same time, promptly grasp the situation of the enemy, the situation of the masses in order to overcome shortcomings and deviations, and constantly consolidate and strengthen the building of the revolutionary forces. To attach importance to the work of education, mobilization, gathering, solidarity, and bringing into play the wisdom of the masses in military and political struggles, enemy campaign, building the rear of the resistance war, serving the war. fighting and providing reinforcements to the front lines, all for the victory of the American invaders.

The victory of the resistance war against the US on the battlefield of Binh Dinh, once again affirms the great strength of the whole people, is the all-people, comprehensive resistance war in military, economic, political, cultural and social association, with the spirit of self-reliance and self-reliance; at the same time, there is support and support from the Central Government and neighboring provinces and throughout the country, especially the Party Committee and the people of Ha Tinh.

Looking back from the ancient past, we are proud of Binh Dinh - the place that soon gave birth to the great culture of the ancient inhabitants of Sa Huynh, bearing the characteristics of the metal age, leaving many ancient relics riches, iron production tools, unique gemstone and glass jewelry, etc. Dong Son bronze drums were also found here, proving that there was a great cultural exchange at that time between regions of the country.

Binh Dinh is also a place to witness the development and decline of the ancient nation of Champa - a kingdom with many ups and downs, but the fate of history is inevitable. The name Champa remains only as a proper name of a Cham ethnic group attached to the great family of ethnic groups in Vietnam.

The ancient Kingdom of Champa still leaves behind archaeological relics, many ancient citadels, ancient sculptures and famous, ancient and majestic architecture of temples and towers. The relics discovered by archaeologists in many places in Binh Dinh are rich, diverse in types, sophisticated in technique, including ceramics serving community life, exchange and exchange goods outside the region and neighboring countries.

Binh Dinh has the Do Ban citadel that existed for nearly 5 centuries, and then the Emperor citadel of the Tay Son - Nguyen Nhac dynasties.

In the 15th century, the country of Champa was full of changes due to internal conflicts and external conflicts. King Le Thanh Tong had the opportunity to end this dispute in 1471. Since then, the land of Binh Dinh became a part of Dai Viet.

The Le Dynasty established the Quang Nam province, which gave Quy Nhon government in the Nguyen lord's time an internal economic development and a firm foothold to open the country to the south.

With a strategic vision, with an open policy in recruiting talented people (in the case of Luong Van Chanh, Dao Duy Tu...) along with agricultural extension, the Nguyen Lords had an active policy in migrated, discovered, established villages, giving Quy Nhon government the shape of many rich villages and developed agricultural cultivation. Phu Hoai Nhon (Quy Nhon) became a launching pad for the land opening to Phu Yen and from here on, the Thuan - Quang position is strong in terms of economy, politics, society, security and defense, capable of coping with the Trinh army in the north.

In addition to the above positive factors of Quy Nhon government under the Nguyen lords, but gradually due to the increasing inequality in society, the contradictions between the working class and the ruling class became increasingly sharp, has given rise to uprisings against the current draconian regime. Beginning with the uprisings of Linh Vuong and Quang Phu (1695) and then of Lia, then the uprisings were organized and scaled into a large-scale movement, representing the Vietnamese peasant class standing up against power, oppression; especially when there were foreign invaders, it quickly became a national liberation movement spreading throughout the country. It was the Tay Son uprising that came from the An Khe mountain area of ​​Quy Nhon government.

Under the genius command of Nguyen Hue, with a team of third-class generals, brave and resilient, together with the contributions of the people of Binh Dinh and the whole country, they put an end to the civil war and the Trinh - Nguyen last over two centuries long; defeated 50,000 Siamese troops in the south, 29,000 Qing troops invaded in the north, liberated the nation, restored independence and reunified the country.

The Tay Son era with its glorious and resounding feats made many countries in the world respect. It is the pride of the people of Binh Dinh - the homeland of the Tay Son movement, of the heroes of the uniform and of the Vietnamese people. The contributions and dedications of the Tay Son era were left behind for generations to come in terms of genius tactics, martial arts, martial arts, great poems and poems, a huge cultural treasure of Nom script and literature. rich folklore that we forever cherish and preserve.

Under the Nguyen, Binh Dinh was paid much attention by the Hue court to the organization of governance as well as to the economy and society, especially at the beginning of the Nguyen Dynasty. Because this place - which was the land of the Tay Son dynasty, a fierce war took place for a long time, was severely damaged and was a place where there were still many contradictions that needed to be suppressed, but on the other hand, had to win hearts people. Therefore, Binh Dinh was considered a key town of the Imperial Court, and then became a province directly under the central government of Hue (1832).

With the re-setting of the address book in 1839, a belief in the struggle for the legitimate rights of the people of Binh Dinh to the Court was flashed, which required the State to share and care in order to reduce injustice in society landlords and poor people, including the contribution of Governor General Vo Xuan Can and local mandarins. Although this reform ultimately failed, it left lessons learned on land policy and people's struggles for future generations.

The French colonialists invaded our country, Quy Nhon was considered an important port of the Central and Central Highlands to implement the policy of colonial exploitation. From the middle of the nineteenth century, Binh Dinh began to transform to develop its economy, politics, society, culture, and patriotic movements took place strongly everywhere in the province, especially when Quy Nhon urban area was born.

With the Can Vuong movement, the people of Binh Dinh responded to King Ham Nghi's call to stand up to fight the enemy to save the country. The French resistance movement in Binh Dinh took place strongly and spread throughout the province and linked with neighboring provinces, making the French ruling apparatus and its henchmen in Binh Dinh miserable and shaken.

Although the struggles of the people of Binh Dinh were fiercely suppressed, they aroused in the masses a resolute tradition, a deep patriotism, and high hatred for the enemy, forcing the enemy to suffer many hardships, struggling.

The Vietnamese Revolutionary Movement has transformed and flourished since the birth of the Communist Party of Vietnam in 1930.

Communist Party organizations in Binh Dinh in Quy Nhon districts, communes and towns have grasped the movement, set up revolutionary bases when operating openly, when withdrawn into secret activities, and led the movement of The province's revolution won many victories in political and armed struggles... until the government was handed over to the people in August 1945.

Along with the general situation of the National Revolution, the Binh Dinh Revolution also experienced arduous and extremely fierce periods during the nine-year resistance war against the French (1945-1954).

Under the leadership of the provincial Viet Minh Front, patriotic unions were born to meet the situation and tasks in the new period, determined to repel hunger and ignorance, defeat foreign invaders, and complete become the task of liberating the homeland, contributing to the national liberation.

Simultaneously with the long-term resistance war against the French, the people of Binh Dinh under the leadership of the Provincial Party Committee also had to overcome many difficulties and challenges to rise to achieve remarkable achievements in the following aspects: building construction, building industry, agriculture, economic recovery and development, education, health care, transportation... All of these contributed to smashing the invasion plans of the French colonialists, regaining their independence. for the homeland, the country.

The war of resistance against the French, which ended with a glorious victory in 1954, was a testament to the correct leadership of the Party, the ingenuity, courage and boundless sacrifice of many revolutionary and bloody soldiers of the Vietnamese people in general, and Binh Dinh in particular; It is the crystallization of the patriotic tradition of our forefathers that has created a synergy to "sink all the people selling and robbing the country", bringing independence - freedom - happiness to the people.

Under the leadership of the Provincial Party Committee, Binh Dinh once again had to work hard to cope with the malicious plots and bloody raids of the enemy to destroy our revolutionary bases and armed forces. . Despite this, the people and military forces of Binh Dinh coordinated with the whole region to fight with three frontal attacks, resolutely smashing the strategies of the US imperialists and their minions, liberating the homeland. harmony in the triumphant song: "Like Uncle Ho on the day of great victory" in the spring of 1975.

This is the greatest victory in the history of our nation. Thirty years of long, arduous resistance with great losses and sacrifices that the Vietnamese people, including the people of Binh Dinh, have devoted all their human and physical strength to the struggle for independence - freedom of the nation.

Sharing the joy of the country, after the liberation day, Binh Dinh Party Committee and people enthusiastically embarked on the work of overcoming the consequences of the war, restoring and developing the economy, society, politics and security national security.

Since 1975 until now, Binh Dinh has really changed its life, really changed from economic thinking, business to life thinking, creating a profound change in the social life of the province.

The face of the homeland has changed, the State apparatus at all levels of the province has been consolidated, the infrastructure system has been developing and changing the lives of the people. The aspects: economy, politics, society, culture, education, health... are increasingly stable, developed and enhanced; People's living standards are improved day by day.

The State's policies towards the poor, remote and isolated areas are paying more and more attention to achieve a balance between mountainous and lowland areas.

The process of modernization is being gradually formed here, which has made the people's material and spiritual life better and better. The civilized lifestyle in community activities has become more and more abundant, creating a positive change in the development trend of Binh Dinh society. From there, open a life full of promise in the future: prosperity, happiness, democracy, justice and civilization in which the people of Binh Dinh, with their historical tradition, have the right to believe and enjoy the that achievement, because he contributed his efforts in the past and in the present.

Editorial Board (general)